Cybernetics in daily life
by Julija Arbačiauskaitė

In this summary I will present an overview of the topics where cybernetics unexceptional use in some people life is described. The following text analysis was conducted in order to show a few concrete examples where people use cybernetics. This summary shows significance of cybernetics scientific discoveries.

The key terms

Cybernetics - the scientific study of communication and control, especially concerned with comparing human and animal brains with machines and electronic devices. (https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/cybernetics?q=cybernetics)
Humanoid - (especially in science fiction) a being resembling a human in its shape.
Exoskeleton - a hard outer covering that protects the bodies of certain animals, such as insects.
Plethora - a large or excessive amount of something. (https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/plethora)
Spinal-cord - the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibres and associated tissue which is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system.

Summary

 Is there anyone who is not aware of the need for effective organization? Anyone who wants to be quicker and more effective, but, in fact, is faced with more and more problems, may sometimes wonder if there might not be a formula that could be used to solve a lot of problems all at once. In the following order there will be shown three practicable conclusions.
 1)Exoskeletons–wearable, motorized machines that can assist a person’s movements–are often used in movies or military, but recent advances will soon bring the devices to the homes of people with paralysis.So far, exoskeletons have been used to augment the strength of soldiers or to help forceless patients in hospitals relearn how to walk. Now researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, have demonstrated an exoskeleton that is transportable and lets paraplegics walk in a approximately natural gait with minimal training. That could be an improvement for people with spinal-cord injuries who spend a lot of time in wheelchairs, which can cause sores or bone deterioration.
 2)The Honda Motor Company developed ASIMO, which stands for Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility, and is the most advanced humanoid robot in the world. According to the ASIMO Web site, ASIMO is the first humanoid robot in the world that can walk independently and climb stairs.
In addition to ASIMO's ability to walk like we do, it can also understand preprogrammed gestures and spoken commands, recognize voices and faces and ally with IC Communication cards. ASIMO has arms and hands so it can do things like turn on light switches, open doors, carry objects, and push carts.Rather than building a robot that would be another toy, Honda wanted to create a robot that would be a helper for people -- a robot to help around the house, help the elderly, or help someone confined to a wheelchair or bed. ASIMO is 1.3 meters high, which is just the right height to look eye to eye with someone seated in a chair. This allows ASIMO to do the jobs it was created to do without being too big and menacing. Often referred to as looking like a "kid wearing a spacesuit," ASIMO's friendly appearance and cute size work well.
3)Igor Spetic’s hand was in a fist when it was sliced by hammer three years ago while he made an aluminum jet part at his job. For months later, he felt a ghost limb still clenched and pulsing with pain. “Some days it felt just like it did when it got injured,” he recalls. He soon got a prosthesis. But for amputees like Spetic, these are more tools than limbs. Because the prosthetics can’t transmit sensations, people wearing them can’t feel when they have dropped or crushed something.Now Spetic is getting some of his sensation back through electrodes that have been wired to leftover nerves in his arm. Spetic is one of two people in an early trial that takes him from his home in Madison, Ohio, to the Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center. In a basement lab, his prosthetic hand is rigged with force sensors that are plugged into 20 wires protruding from his upper right arm. These lead to three surgically implanted interfaces, seven millimeters long, with as many as eight electrodes apiece encased in a polymer, that surround three major nerves in Spetic’s forearm.
  Summing up, these concrete examples conclude that living in a world full of new inventions, the most significant become those which help people directly. These examples show how much cybernetics can contribute to people\s wellbeing in different ways. Plethora of this science of communications and automatic control systems inventions will be made in the near  future.

References

http://www.kybernetik.ch/en/fs_intromankyb.html
https://www.technologyreview.com

https://science.howstuffworks.com

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